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                 试验技术与方法                                                            DOI:10.11973/lhjy-wl240293



                               紫铜管洛氏硬度测量不确定度的评定



                                                         钟金德    1,2,3
                          [1.福建省计量科学研究院,福州 350003;2.国家市场监督管理总局重点实验室(力值计量测试),

                                      福州 350003;3.福建省力值计量测试重点实验室, 福州 350003]

                      摘  要:对紫铜管试样进行洛氏硬度试验,对测量结果不确定度进行评定,分析了影响测量结果
                  准确性的因素。结果表明:紫铜管洛氏硬度试验的测量不确定度主要来源于洛氏硬度试验重复性、
                  使用标准物质测量洛氏硬度计、标准硬度块、硬度计示值误差、压痕测量系统分辨力及数据修约等,
                  其中硬度计的最大允许误差、测量重复性、标准块均匀度对测量不确定度的影响较大。因此,选择
                  高精度且性能稳定的硬度计,均匀性好的标准硬度块,并提高检测人员的专业素养与操作技能,可
                  使试验结果更加准确、可靠。
                      关键词: 紫铜管;洛氏硬度试验;不确定度评定;结果准确性;影响因素
                      中图分类号:TB31;TG115.5      文献标志码:A    文章编号:1001-4012(2025)04-0030-03

                         Evaluation of uncertainty in rockwell hardness measurement of
                                                   purple copper tube


                                                       ZHONG Jinde 1,2, 3

                          [1. Fujian Metrology Institute, Fuzhou 350003, China; 2. Key Laboratory of State Administration of
                            Market Supervision (Force Measurement Test), Fuzhou 350003, China; 3. Fujian Provincial
                                       Key Laboratory of Force Measurement, Fuzhou 350003, China]
                      Abstract: The Rockwell hardness test was perform on copper tube samples, the uncertainty of measurement
                  results was evaluated, and the factors that affect the accuracy of test results were analyzed. The results show that the
                  measurement uncertainty of the Rockwell hardness test for copper pipes mainly came from the repeatability of the Rockwell
                  hardness test, the use of standard materials to measure the Rockwell hardness tester, standard hardness blocks, the
                  indication error of the hardness tester, the resolution of the indentation measurement system, and data rounding. Among
                  them, the maximum allowable error of the hardness tester, measurement repeatability, and the uniformity of the standard
                  block had a significant impact on the measurement uncertainty. Therefore, choosing a high-precision and stable hardness
                  tester, a standard hardness block with good uniformity, and improving the professional competence and operational skills
                  of the testing personnel could make the test results more accurate and reliable.
                      Keywords: copper tube; rockwell hardness test; uncertainty assessment; accuracy of result; influence factor

                  一切测量结果都不可避免地具有不确定度,测                          节。以金属材料的力学性能测试为例,硬度作为核
              量不确定度的影响跨越了科学探索、工程技术、质量                           心指标之一,其测量结果的可靠性及质量水平是通
              监控、实验室管理、设备校准、生产质控、产品检验、                          过不确定度的科学评定来全面阐述的。空调分歧管
              安全防护及环境监测等多个维度。特别是在研究机                            是空调系统连接主机和多个末端设备(蒸发器)的连
              构、专业检测实验室中,对试验结果进行不确定度                            接管,对制冷效率和空调的运行性能起关键作用 ,
                                                                                                            [1]
              评估已成为提升数据可信度与决策科学性的关键环
                                                                该管一般由紫铜加工而成,其硬度性能对产品质量
                                                                至关重要。
                 收稿日期:2024-10-09
                                                                     笔者根据JJF1059.1—2012  《测量不确定度评定
                 作者简介: 钟金德 (1977—),男,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事力
              学计量、机械工程及自动化的研究工作,jinde0902@126.com               与表示》和GB/T 230.1─2018  《金属材料 洛氏硬度
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