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                 试验与研究                                                              DOI:10.11973/lhjy-wl240360



                   激光选区熔化 GH3536 合金的显微组织及力学性能



                                                    夏 楠,安春香,王 煜
                                         (上海电气电站设备有限公司汽轮机厂,上海 200240)

                      摘  要:对激光选区熔化制备的GH3536合金不同后处理的显微组织及力学性能进行研究。主要
                  对激光选区熔化态,固溶处理,热等静压+固溶后试样的面孔隙率、显微组织、室温拉伸性能、室温
                  冲击性能、维氏硬度、布氏硬度等进行分析。结果表明:固溶处理后试样的平面孔隙率在水平和沉
                  积方向上没有太大变化,而经过热等静压+固溶后试样的平面孔隙率在两个方向上均有大幅降低;
                  激光选区熔化态试样的显微组织、室温拉伸和室温冲击性能在水平和沉积方向上存在各向异性,维
                  氏硬度不存在明显的各向异性。经过热等静压固溶处理试样的微裂纹修复后消失,其冲击吸收能量
                  显著增大。
                      关键词: 激光选区熔化;GH3536合金;显微组织;力学性能;固溶处理;热等静压
                      中图分类号:TB31;TG115.2      文献标志码:A    文章编号:1001-4012(2025)03-0007-07
                            Microstructure and mechanical properties of GH3536 alloy

                                          prepared by selective laser melting

                                                XIA Nan, AN Chunxiang, WANG Yu
                          (Shanghai Electric Power Generation Equipment Co., Ltd. Turbine Plant, Shanghai 200240, China)

                       Abstract: The microstructure and mechanical properties of GH3536 alloy prepared by selective laser melting
                  after  different  post-treatments  were  studied.  The  surface  porosity,  microstructure,   tensile  properties  at  room
                  temperature, impact properties at room temperature, Vickers hardness and Brinell hardness of the samples after
                  laser selective melting, solid solution treatment and hot isostatic pressing plus solid solution were mainly analyzed.
                  The results show that the plane porosity of the sample after solution treatment did not change much in the horizontal
                  and deposition directions, while the plane porosity of the sample after hot isostatic pressing plus solution was greatly
                  reduced in both directions. The microstructure, room temperature tensile and room temperature impact properties
                  of the laser selective melting samples were anisotropic of the horizontal and deposition directions, and there was no
                  obvious anisotropy in Vickers hardness. After hot isostatic pressing solution treatment, the microcracks of the sample
                  disappeared after repair, and the impact absorption energy increased significantly.
                       Keywords:  selective  laser  melting;  GH3536  alloy;  microstructure;  mechanical  property;  solid  solution
                  treatment; hot isostatic pressing


                  近30多年,金属增材制造技术在各行业中发展                         SLM技术在节约材料、工艺控制和成型零件性能等
              快速且应用广泛,具有自由成型性、节约材料和可成                           方面具有很大的优势。目前,SLM技术在生产上主
                                     [1]
              型难加工金属材料等优点 。激光选区熔化(SLM)                          要面临的挑战包括:由工艺引起的缺陷、微观偏析,
              技术是增材制造工艺之一 ,其基本原理是用高能                            由微观结构差异导致成型合金在不同方向上的组织
                                      [2]
              量密度的激光束熔化金属粉末,再将金属粉末层层                            和性能存在明显差异。但是,不同方向上性能的差
              堆叠得到实体零件。与传统的增材制造方法相比,                            异对零件的应用具有重要意义。现已有增材制造的
                                                                零件用于相关产品上,SLM技术可以缩短产品的生
                 收稿日期:2024-12-19
                                                                产周期,将产品的交货时间提前。GH3536合金是化
                 作者简介:夏 楠(1993-) ,男,硕士,工程师,主要从事金属材
                                                                                                            [3]
              料的金相检验工作,15026652575@163.com                      学成分主要为镍、铬、铁的固溶强化型高温合金 ,
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