Page 22 - 理化检验-物理分册2025年第五期
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试验技术与方法 DOI:10.11973/lhjy-wl240063
基于轧后水冷工艺的低锰微铌厚板开发
罗龙飞,刘卫航,吴荣华
(宝钢湛江钢铁有限公司,湛江 524072)
摘 要:通过微铌合金化作用和轧后水冷强化效果,成功开发了基于轧后水冷工艺的50 kg级低
锰微铌厚板。对钢板进行轧后水冷,原始多边形铁素体和珠光体片层间的带状组织被打碎,部分组
织转变为贝氏体,多边形组织减少,针状组织增多,晶粒更均匀。扫描电镜和能谱分析结果显示,铌
元素在钢板中主要形成粒状NbC,粒度约为1 μm。开发钢板的拉伸、冲击性能均符合标准对Q355D
钢的要求,焊接性能良好,满足50 kJ/cm的大线能量焊接要求。
关键词: 低锰微铌;轧后水冷工艺;显微组织;焊接性能
中图分类号:TB31;TG115.2 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-4012(2025)05-0010-04
Development of low manganese micro-niobium thick plate based on
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water cooling process after rolling
LUO Longfei, LIU Weihang, WU Ronghua
(Baosteel Zhanjiang Iron and Steel Co., Ltd.,Zhanjiang 524072, China)
Abstract: Through the effect of micro-niobium alloying and water cooling after rolling, a 50 kg low manganese
micro-niobium thick plate based on water cooling after rolling was successfully developed. After the steel plate was
cooled by water after rolling, the banded structure between the original polygonal ferrite and pearlite lamellae was
broken, some of the structure was transformed into bainite, the polygonal structure was reduced, the acicular structure
was increased, and the grains were more uniform. The results of scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum
analysis show that the niobium alloy mainly formed granular NbC in the steel plate, and the particle size was about
1 μm. The tensile and impact properties of the developed steel plate met the requirements of the standard for Q355D
steel, and the welding performance was good, which met the requirements of large heat input welding of 50 kJ/cm.
Keywords: low manganese micro-niobium; water cooling process after rolling; microstructure; welding
performance
Q355系列牌号钢板在国内厚板结构钢中大量 素。加入质量分数大于1.5%的锰元素后,Q355系
使用。为了达到-20 ℃以上温度冲击韧性的要求, 列牌号钢板的成本大幅上涨且居高不下。另外,由
钢板通常采用C-Mn成分的设计方式,因Nb元素价 于钢板轧制时采用2个阶段控温终轧和轧后空冷工
格较高,只有在较厚规格钢板设计时才会少量添加 艺,为确保钢板强度满足要求,不得不将钢板的终轧
Nb元素,以抵消厚度效应导致的强度不足。为保证 温度降低至A r3 (冷却时奥氏体开始析出铁素体的温
较厚规格钢板的强度,同时兼顾-40~-20 ℃冲击 度 )以下,以达到细晶强化的效果,然而低温终轧工
性能的要求,采用中碳高锰成分+轧后空冷工艺对 艺会导致钢板的生产效率低、板形较差。
某钢厂Q355系列牌号的钢板进行设计和生产,其中 为解决以上问题,笔者开发了中碳低锰加微铌
锰元素的质量分数大于1.5%。对厚度大于30 mm 合金化钢板,轧制工艺为较高终轧温度+轧后水冷。
的钢板,则需要加入质量分数大于0.015%的铌元 该成分设计和工艺利用微铌合金对钢板的晶粒细化
和析出强化作用 ,轧后喷水冷却时利用相变强化
[1]
再进一步提升钢板的强度 ,这样就可制造出满足
[2]
收稿日期:2024-03-08
性能要求的Q355D钢板,不仅提高了轧制效率,还
作者简介:罗龙飞(1988—),男,硕士,工程师,主要从事厚板产
品的研发工作,684877@baosteel.com 降低了制造成本。
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