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试验与研究 DOI:10.11973/lhjy-wl240150
冷轧薄板激光切割热影响区的深度及性能
王毅磊,历 妍,薛 凯
(宝钢湛江钢铁有限公司 制造管理部,湛江 524072)
摘 要:为确定激光切割热影响区深度和激光切割热影响区对不同厚度、不同强度冷轧薄板产品
力学性能的影响,通过改变激光切割速率的方法,对冷轧薄板产品进行激光切割试验,并对激光切
割后热影响区的组织、深度和板材的拉伸性能进行研究。结果表明:热影响区可分为两部分,第一
部分为激光切缝边缘的熔化区,第二部分为非熔化区,熔化区主要为马氏体,非熔化区主要为马氏
体+贝氏体,激光切割速率越快,冷轧薄板的热影响区深度越小,冷轧薄板的强度越高或厚度越厚,
热影响区深度越大;激光切割加工试样比加工中心加工试样的屈服强度和抗拉强度高,断后伸长率
低,且随着钢种等级的提高,两者间的差异不断增大。
关键词: 冷轧薄板;激光切割;热影响区;力学性能;显微组织;钢种等级
中图分类号:TB31;TG115.2 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-4012(2024)08-0031-05
Depth and performance of laser cutting heat affected zone of cold rolled sheet
WANG Yilei, LI Yan, XUE Kai
(Products & Technique Management Department, Baosteel Zhanjiang Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Zhanjiang 524072, China)
Abstract: In order to determine the depth of laser cutting heat affected zone and the influence of laser cutting heat
affected zone on the mechanical properties of cold rolled sheet products with different thickness and strength, the laser
cutting test of cold rolled sheet products was carried out by changing the laser cutting rate, and the microstructure, depth
and tensile properties of the heat affected zone after laser cutting were studied. The results show that the heat affected
zone could be divided into two parts. The first part was the melting zone at the edge of the laser kerf, and the second part
was the non-melting zone. The melting zone was mainly martensite, and the non-melting zone was mainly martensite
+ bainite. The faster the laser cutting rate, the smaller the depth of the heat affected zone of the cold rolled sheet, the
higher the strength of the cold rolled sheet or the thicker the thickness, and the greater the depth of the heat affected zone.
The yield strength and tensile strength of laser cutting samples were higher than those of machining center samples, and
the elongation after fracture was lower. With the increase of steel grade, the difference between the two was increasing.
Keywords: cold rolled sheet; laser cutting; heat affected zone; mechanical property; microstructure; steel grade
激光切割是利用经过聚焦的高功率激光束照射被 割机、机器人、视觉判定等先进技术与自动化控制、信
[3]
加工物体表面,同时喷射具有一定压力的辅助气体,被 息化管理技术相结合的方法 对板材试样的切割、加
切割材料吸收激光束的能量后熔化甚至汽化,然后被 工等工序进行软硬件集成,将传统试样加工升级为一
辅助气体吹走,随着光束与工件的相对移动,最终将 套完整的自动化、无人化、智能化系统,很好地满足了
[4]
现代钢铁生产对实验室高质量、高效率的要求 。
工件切开 。随着加工技术的飞速发展,激光切割将
[1]
冷轧薄板经激光切割后,在垂直于切割面的方
会逐步成为钢产品力学测试试样的主流加工方法,并
向上产生一定深度的热影响区,如果不去除热影响
得到广泛应用。目前,国内主要的研究方向是钢板的
区,可能会对冷轧试样的力学性能产生一定影响,
激光切割工艺 ,各大钢厂都不同程度地采用激光切
[2]
目前人们尚不清楚热影响区深度与激光切割工艺的
关系,也未对激光切割工艺对冷轧薄板力学性能的
收稿日期:2024-05-30
作者简介:王毅磊(1992-) ,男,主要从事金属材料力学性能测 影响提出过具体的评判标准。只是在GB/T 2975—
试和实验室管理工作,192752@baosteel.com 2018《钢及钢产品 力学性能试验取样位置及试样制
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