Identification of Lead-containing Solid Waste by Multi Technology Combination

X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction technologies with ultra depth of field microscopy and scanning electron microscopy equipment were used to analyze the chemical composition, phase composition and micro morphology of a lead-containing sample to determined whether it was solid waste. The results show that the main composition of the sample were Pb₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂, PbSO₄ and Na₂SO₄, and plenty of amorphous sodium calcium aluminosilicates and spherical, ellipsoid, beaded metal lead and lead iron oxides were found in the sample. The lead sulfate in the sample was loose and colloidal, which showed the morphological characteristics of hydrometallurgical products. The plenty of amorphous sodium calcium aluminosilicates and the molten spherical metal lead with the morphological characteristics of pyrometallurgical products. The composition and micro morphology of the sample were significantly different from those of lead ore, which showed the characteristics of mixed hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy slags. Therefore, it is inferred that the sample was solid waste from hydrometallurgical slag and pyrometallurgical slag lead-containing minerals.