Abstract: The origin, development, classification, material and application of 3D printing technology were introduced from the aspects of development status, technical classification, materials and application fields, and the shortcomings and challenges of the technology were summarized. The results show that 3D printing technology and its industry are still far away from the mature stage. Innovative research, long-term technological accumulation and validation are still needed. It should complement each other with traditional manufacturing technology and develop together.