Abstract: The residual stress on grinding affected layer and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of bearing ring made from Cr4Mo4V steel had been measured by X-ray diffraction, and the axial intersection microhardness of the bearing ring had been measured to investigate the measurement method of the grinding affected layer depth. the results showed that the residual stress distributions on raceway surface layer were all exponential, the correlation coefficients of regressive curve were 0.98 above; FWHM increased from the surface to subsurface gradually, but FWHM were relatively disperse, the correlation coefficients of regressive curve were generally 0.8 about; microhardness distributions were very disperse. Grinding residual stress affected depth can be usedas grinding affected layer depth of Cr4Mo4V steel.