Abstract: In this paper, the research object is the first stage turbine blades with trouble in an aero-engine. Through the observation of the morphology, microstructure, hardness and components of the turbine blades cross section with crack, the initiation and development process of the turbine blades crack are analyzed and the reason of the failure is studied. Finally the failure mode of the turbine blades is established and the method to prevent the failure in the first stage turbine blades in an aero-engine is put forward.