Abstract: Nuclear power rotor wheel disk and blade groove were treated by shot peening. The uniformity of surface residual stress of rotor wheel sample and residual stress depth distribution of both wheel disk and blade groove were investigated by X-ray diffraction method. The results showed that the residual stress was well-distributed on the surface, meanwhile, the maximum residual stress for wheel disk and blade groove after shot peening reached -667.9 MPa and -587.5 MPa, respectively.