Abstract: A reference zero stress aluminum powder standard sample for internal diffraction of crystal materials was prepared by bonding aluminum powder. The uniformity, isotropy, and internal residual stress of the sample were tested using a short wavelength characteristic X-ray diffractometer. Different residual stress testing methods and calculation methods were used to verify the surface and internal stress of the sample. The results show that the diffraction intensity deviation in different parts and directions of the sample was less than 10%, indicating uniformity and isotropy. The residual stresses on the surface and inside were also within -25~25 MPa.