Abstract: Inspection and testing has great development space in serving national governance, improving product quality and ensuring people's livelihood security. China's inspection and testing industry continues to develop rapidly, but the problems of ‘small, scattered, weak’ and insufficient market development still exist. Starting from three aspects of human, machine and law, some feasible suggestions for laboratory capacity building were put forward, and the construction of epidemic prevention material testing laboratory was taken as an example to confirm the importance of these three elements. These suggestions have reference and guiding significance for laboratory capacity building.