Abstract: The non-oriented silicon steel with silicon content of 2. 5%-3. 5% (mass fraction) was selected as the analysis object, and the microstructure and texture changes during the whole process (hot rolling, normalizing, cold rolling, annealing) were studied. The results show that due to the distribution characteristics of deformation and temperature field, the non-oriented silicon steel hot rolled plate formed hierarchical structure, the surface layer was recrystallization structure, the central layer was banded recovery structure, and the transition region was mixed with recrystallization and recovery structure. At the same time, there was a large texture gradient in the thickness direction, which will be inherited to the finished plate, but the texture gradient will be weakened with the deformation and recrystallization. After normalizing, the hot rolled banded structure disappeared and the recrystallized grains grown sufficiently. After cold rolling, the microstructure of non-oriented silicon steel was mainly strip structure extending along the rolling direction. The general rule of deformation and recrystallization behavior of the non-oriented silicon steel is that α line texture was formed during deformation, and then transformed into γ line texture and α^* texture after recrystallization.