Abstract: The principle and test method of metallographic replica technology were introduced in detail, the technical points, points for attention, advantages and disadvantages of the application of metallographic replica technology were analyzed and summarized, and the future research direction of metallographic replica technology was put forward. The results show that the operation of metallographic replica technology is simple and fast, which can meet the needs of field inspection, improve the work efficiency, and provide a detailed basis for the inspection and safety assessment of special equipment.