Abstract: The main similarities and differences between ASTM D3039-14 and GB/T 3354-2014 (the American and China standards for tensile property test method of polymer matrix composite materials) were comprehensively analyzed and compared, and some regulations in these two standards were theoretically analyzed and tested. The results show GB standard is different from ASTM standard in the aspects of test environment condition, test specimens, test equipments, test procedures, test reports and so on. These two standards can learn from each other and constantly update and perfect to meet the test demands of more new materials and to consider some complex test environment and special conditions, so as to develop a standard for tensile property test method of polymer matrix composite materials which is more suitable for China's aerospace and high-end manufacturing industry.