Abstract: The Vickers hardness tests of V-type welding joints of FV520B steel, a kind of martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steel, and Q235A steel were successfully completed by HV-120 type Vickers hardness tester which had no x-y coordinate bench and was equipped with some simple auxiliary tools. The results show that:the Vickers hardness difference among welding seam, fusion line, heat affected zone and base metal of the welding joint of FV520B steel was small, the hardness was well distributed and the welding quality was desirable; the Vickers hardness difference among welding seam, fusion line, heat affected zone and base metal of the welding joint of Q235A steel was even smaller, the hardness was better distributed and the welding quality was better. The testing method was convenient, practical and easy to operate, and it was qualified to test the Vickers hardness of V-type welding joints and provide a reference for those who carried out the welding quality evaluation by Vickers hardness tester without x-y coordinate bench.